comm [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2
!subtitle:功能
逐行比较已排序的文件 FILE1 和 FILE2。
产生三列输出，以此为：FILE1 的特有行，FILE2 的特有行，FILE1 和 FILE2 的共有行。
!subtitle:类型
可执行文件（/usr/bin/comm），属于 coreutils。
!subtitle:参数
OPTION 选项：
-1 - 不显示第 1 列（FILE1 的特有行）
-2 - 不显示第 2 列（FILE2 的特有行）
-3 - 不显示第 3 列（FILE1 和 FILE2 的共有行）
--check-order - 即使所有行都匹配，也要检查排序是否正确
--nocheck-order - 不检查是否正确排序
--output-delimiter=STR - 使用 STR 分隔输出的列
--total - 输出摘要
-z, --zero-terminated - 以空字符（\0）作为行的结尾，而不是换行符（\n）
--help - 显示帮助
--version - 显示版本
FILE1 - 比较的文件；- 表示读取标准输入，FILE1 和 FILE2 不能同时为 -
FILE2 - 比较的文件；- 表示读取标准输入，FILE1 和 FILE2 不能同时为 -
$ cat 1.txt
AAAAA
BBBBB
CCCCC
DDDDD
EEEEE
$ cat 2.txt
AAAAA
BBBBB
DDDDD
EEEEE
FFFFF
$ comm 1.txt 2.txt # 比较
AAAAA
BBBBB
CCCCC
DDDDD
EEEEE
FFFFF
COMM(1) User Commands COMM(1)
NAME
comm - compare two sorted files line by line
SYNOPSIS
comm [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2
DESCRIPTION
Compare sorted files FILE1 and FILE2 line by line.
When FILE1 or FILE2 (not both) is -, read standard input.
With no options, produce three-column output. Column one contains
lines unique to FILE1, column two contains lines unique to FILE2, and
column three contains lines common to both files.
-1 suppress column 1 (lines unique to FILE1)
-2 suppress column 2 (lines unique to FILE2)
-3 suppress column 3 (lines that appear in both files)
--check-order
check that the input is correctly sorted, even if all input
lines are pairable
--nocheck-order
do not check that the input is correctly sorted
--output-delimiter=STR
separate columns with STR
--total
output a summary
-z, --zero-terminated
line delimiter is NUL, not newline
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
Note, comparisons honor the rules specified by 'LC_COLLATE'.
EXAMPLES
comm -12 file1 file2
Print only lines present in both file1 and file2.
comm -3 file1 file2
Print lines in file1 not in file2, and vice versa.
AUTHOR
Written by Richard M. Stallman and David MacKenzie.
REPORTING BUGS
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU
GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
SEE ALSO
join(1), uniq(1)
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/comm>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) comm invocation'
GNU coreutils 9.4 April 2024 COMM(1)