realpath [OPTION]... FILE...
!subtitle:功能
解析路径。
!subtitle:类型
可执行文件（/usr/bin/realpath），属于 coreutils。
!subtitle:参数
OPTION 选项：
-e, --canonicalize-existing - 路径的所有组成部分都必须存在
-m, --canonicalize-missing - 路径的所有组成部分都可以不存在
-L, --logical - 逻辑路径；在跟踪符号链接之前解析 ..
-P, --physical - 物理路径；在跟踪符号链接之后解析 ..（默认）
-q, --quiet - 忽略大部分错误信息
--relative-to=DIR - 打印相对于 DIR 的相对路径
--relative-base=DIR - 如果路径在 DIR 内，则相对路径，否则打印绝对路径
-s, --strip, --no-symlinks - 不展开符号链接
-z, --zero - 以空字符（\0）作为行的结尾，而不是换行符（\n）
--help - 显示帮助
--version - 显示版本
FILE - 文件路径
!subtitle:绝对路径
$ pwd # 查看当前路径
/home/user/primers
$ realpath -m ./file.txt
/home/user/primers/file.txt
$ realpath -m ../data/../config/./settings.yaml
/home/user/config/settings.yaml
!subtitle:相对路径
$ pwd # 查看当前路径
/home/user/primers
$ realpath -m --relative-to=/home/user ./file.txt # 打印相对于 /home/user 的路径
primers/file.txt
$ realpath -m --relative-to=/home/user2 ./file.txt # 打印相对于 /home/user2 的路径
../user/primers/file.txt
$ realpath -m --relative-base=/home/user ./file.txt # 在 /home/user 内，打印相对于 /home/user 的路径
primers/file.txt
$ realpath -m --relative-base=/home/user2 ./file.txt # 不在 /home/user 内，打印绝对路径
/home/user/primers/file.txt
!subtitle:符号链接
$ pwd # 查看当前路径
/home/user/primers
$ ln -s /usr/lib lib # 创建符号链接
$ ls -l lib
lrwxrwxrwx 1 planc planc 8 Oct 31 14:06 lib -> /usr/lib
$ realpath ./lib # 跟踪符号链接（默认）
/usr/lib
$ realpath -s ./lib # 不跟踪符号链接
/home/user/primers/lib
$ realpath ./lib/.. # 在跟踪符号链接之后解析 ..（默认）
/usr
$ realpath -L ./lib/.. # 在跟踪符号链接之前解析 ..
/home/user/primers
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| basename | 从文件路径中去除目录和后缀 |
| dirname | 从文件路径中提取目录 |
REALPATH(1) User Commands REALPATH(1)
NAME
realpath - print the resolved path
SYNOPSIS
realpath [OPTION]... FILE...
DESCRIPTION
Print the resolved absolute file name; all but the last component must
exist
-e, --canonicalize-existing
all components of the path must exist
-m, --canonicalize-missing
no path components need exist or be a directory
-L, --logical
resolve '..' components before symlinks
-P, --physical
resolve symlinks as encountered (default)
-q, --quiet
suppress most error messages
--relative-to=DIR
print the resolved path relative to DIR
--relative-base=DIR
print absolute paths unless paths below DIR
-s, --strip, --no-symlinks
don't expand symlinks
-z, --zero
end each output line with NUL, not newline
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
AUTHOR
Written by Padraig Brady.
REPORTING BUGS
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU
GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
SEE ALSO
readlink(1), readlink(2), realpath(3)
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/realpath>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) realpath invocation'
GNU coreutils 9.4 April 2024 REALPATH(1)