install [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST
!subtitle:功能
安装文件。
!subtitle:类型
可执行文件（/usr/bin/install），属于 coreutils。
!subtitle:参数
OPTION 选项：
--backup[=CONTROL] - 制作备份
none, off - 始终不备份
numbered, t - 制作编号备份
existing, nil - 如果存在编号备份则制作编号备份，否则制作简单备份
simple, never - 始终制作简单备份
-b - 制作备份，由环境变量 VERSION_CONTROL 决定备份方式
-c - 复制而不是移动文件；现在始终是复制，忽略此选项
-C, --compare - 比较源文件和目标文件，如果内容和元信息完全一致则不修改目标文件
-d, --directory - 将所有参数视为目录（源文件复制到目录内部）
-D - 自动创建父目录
--debug - 打印详细步骤
-g, --group=GROUP - 设置目标文件的所属组
-m, --mode=MODE - 设置目标文件的访问权限
-o, --owner=OWNER - 设置目标文件的所有者
-p, --preserve-timestamps - 目标文件保留源文件的时间戳
-s, --strip - 剥离符号表
--strip-program=PROGRAM - 使用 PROGRAM 对二进制文件进行剥离
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX - 设置备份文件的后缀
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY - 指定目标目录
-T, --no-target-directory - 将 DEST 视为文件（如果 DEST 是目录，则进行合并而非复制到它内部）
-v, --verbose - 打印详细信息
--preserve-context
-Z
--context[=CTX]
--help - 显示帮助
--version - 显示版本
USESOURCER - 源文件
DEST - 目标
$ sudo install -u root -g root -m755 -s my_cmd /usr/bin
将可执行文件 my_cmd 剥离符号表后安装到 /usr/bin，所有者和所属组设为 root，权限设为 755
INSTALL(1) User Commands INSTALL(1)
NAME
install - copy files and set attributes
SYNOPSIS
install [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST
install [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
install [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE...
install [OPTION]... -d DIRECTORY...
DESCRIPTION
This install program copies files (often just compiled) into destina‐
tion locations you choose. If you want to download and install a
ready-to-use package on a GNU/Linux system, you should instead be using
a package manager like yum(1) or apt-get(1).
In the first three forms, copy SOURCE to DEST or multiple SOURCE(s) to
the existing DIRECTORY, while setting permission modes and owner/group.
In the 4th form, create all components of the given DIRECTORY(ies).
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options
too.
--backup[=CONTROL]
make a backup of each existing destination file
-b like --backup but does not accept an argument
-c (ignored)
-C, --compare
compare content of source and destination files, and if no
change to content, ownership, and permissions, do not modify the
destination at all
-d, --directory
treat all arguments as directory names; create all components of
the specified directories
-D create all leading components of DEST except the last, or all
components of --target-directory, then copy SOURCE to DEST
--debug
explain how a file is copied. Implies -v
-g, --group=GROUP
set group ownership, instead of process' current group
-m, --mode=MODE
set permission mode (as in chmod), instead of rwxr-xr-x
-o, --owner=OWNER
set ownership (super-user only)
-p, --preserve-timestamps
apply access/modification times of SOURCE files to corresponding
destination files
-s, --strip
strip symbol tables
--strip-program=PROGRAM
program used to strip binaries
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX
override the usual backup suffix
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY
copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY
-T, --no-target-directory
treat DEST as a normal file
-v, --verbose
print the name of each created file or directory
--preserve-context
preserve SELinux security context
-Z set SELinux security context of destination file and each cre‐
ated directory to default type
--context[=CTX]
like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the SELinux or SMACK
security context to CTX
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIM‐
PLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The version control method may be selected via the
--backup option or through the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable.
Here are the values:
none, off
never make backups (even if --backup is given)
numbered, t
make numbered backups
existing, nil
numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise
simple, never
always make simple backups
AUTHOR
Written by David MacKenzie.
REPORTING BUGS
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU
GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
SEE ALSO
cp(1)
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/install>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) install invocation'
GNU coreutils 9.4 April 2024 INSTALL(1)