tr [OPTION]... STRING1 [STRING2]
!subtitle:功能
对标准输入中的字符进行翻译、压缩、删除，然后写入标准输出。
!subtitle:类型
可执行文件（/usr/bin/tr），属于 coreutils。
!subtitle:参数
OPTION 选项：
-c, -C, --complement - 转换 STRING1 中不包含的字符
-d, --delete - 删除 STRING1 中的字符
-s, --squeeze-repeats - 将最后一个参数指定的字符去重
-t, --truncate-set1 - 首先将 STRING1 的长度截断至和 STRING2 一样
--help - 显示帮助
--version - 显示版本
STRING1 - 控制字符串列表1
STRING2 - 控制字符串列表2
| 转义或表示法 | 含义 |
|---|---|
\NNN |
八进制值为 NNN 的字符（1 到 3 个八进制数字） |
\\ |
反斜杠 |
\a |
可听的 BEL（响铃） |
\b |
退格符 |
\f |
换页符 |
\n |
换行符 |
\r |
回车符 |
\t |
水平制表符 |
\v |
垂直制表符 |
CHAR1-CHAR2 |
从 CHAR1 到 CHAR2 的所有字符（按升序） |
[CHAR*] |
在 ARRAY2 中复制 CHAR，直到 ARRAY1 的长度 |
[CHAR*REPEAT] |
复制 CHAR REPEAT 次，如果 REPEAT 以 0 开头，则为八进制 |
[:alnum:] |
所有字母和数字 |
[:alpha:] |
所有字母 |
[:blank:] |
所有水平空白字符 |
[:cntrl:] |
所有控制字符 |
[:digit:] |
所有数字 |
[:graph:] |
所有可打印字符（不包括空格） |
[:lower:] |
所有小写字母 |
[:print:] |
所有可打印字符（包括空格） |
[:punct:] |
所有标点符号 |
[:space:] |
所有水平或垂直空白字符 |
[:upper:] |
所有大写字母 |
[:xdigit:] |
所有十六进制数字 |
[=CHAR=] |
与 CHAR 等价的所有字符 |
$ echo "a b c" | tr ' ' '\n' # 将空格替换为换行
a
b
c
$ echo "a b c" | tr 'abc' 'efg' # 将 'abc' 依次替换为 'efg'
e f g
$ echo "a b c" | tr -c 'ac' '-' # 将 'ac' 以外的字符替换为 '-'
a---c-
$ echo "a b c" | tr -d 'a' # 删除 'a'
b c
$ echo "aaa bbb ccc" | tr -d 'b' # 去重 'b'
aaa ccc
TR(1) User Commands TR(1)
NAME
tr - translate or delete characters
SYNOPSIS
tr [OPTION]... STRING1 [STRING2]
DESCRIPTION
Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input, writ‐
ing to standard output. STRING1 and STRING2 specify arrays of charac‐
ters ARRAY1 and ARRAY2 that control the action.
-c, -C, --complement
use the complement of ARRAY1
-d, --delete
delete characters in ARRAY1, do not translate
-s, --squeeze-repeats
replace each sequence of a repeated character that is listed in
the last specified ARRAY, with a single occurrence of that char‐
acter
-t, --truncate-set1
first truncate ARRAY1 to length of ARRAY2
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
ARRAYs are specified as strings of characters. Most represent them‐
selves. Interpreted sequences are:
\NNN character with octal value NNN (1 to 3 octal digits)
\\ backslash
\a audible BEL
\b backspace
\f form feed
\n new line
\r return
\t horizontal tab
\v vertical tab
CHAR1-CHAR2
all characters from CHAR1 to CHAR2 in ascending order
[CHAR*]
in ARRAY2, copies of CHAR until length of ARRAY1
[CHAR*REPEAT]
REPEAT copies of CHAR, REPEAT octal if starting with 0
[:alnum:]
all letters and digits
[:alpha:]
all letters
[:blank:]
all horizontal whitespace
[:cntrl:]
all control characters
[:digit:]
all digits
[:graph:]
all printable characters, not including space
[:lower:]
all lower case letters
[:print:]
all printable characters, including space
[:punct:]
all punctuation characters
[:space:]
all horizontal or vertical whitespace
[:upper:]
all upper case letters
[:xdigit:]
all hexadecimal digits
[=CHAR=]
all characters which are equivalent to CHAR
Translation occurs if -d is not given and both STRING1 and STRING2 ap‐
pear. -t is only significant when translating. ARRAY2 is extended to
length of ARRAY1 by repeating its last character as necessary. Excess
characters of ARRAY2 are ignored. Character classes expand in unspeci‐
fied order; while translating, [:lower:] and [:upper:] may be used in
pairs to specify case conversion. Squeezing occurs after translation
or deletion.
BUGS
Full support is available only for safe single-byte locales, in which
every possible input byte represents a single character. The C locale
is safe in GNU systems, so you can avoid this issue in the shell by
running LC_ALL=C tr instead of plain tr.
AUTHOR
Written by Jim Meyering.
REPORTING BUGS
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU
GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
SEE ALSO
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/tr>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) tr invocation'
GNU coreutils 9.4 April 2024 TR(1)